The Death of Nature

感想

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検証していないので、引用とかするなら後で原文確認する

chapter 8:

最初

Francis Bacon was a proponent of the control of nature for human benefit, based on a new philosophy of natural magic, mining and metallurgy, progress, and patriarchal social structures.

Bacon is credited with founding the inductive method and inspiring the Royal Society, but his program ultimately benefited middle-class male entrepreneurs.

Bacon reduced female nature to a resource for economic production by adapting scientific knowledge and method to a new form of human power over nature, using female imagery as a tool.

Bacon argued that only by "digging further and further into the mine of natural knowledge" could mankind recover the dominion over nature lost due to the Fall from the Garden of Eden.

Bacon believed that nature must be taken by the forelock and made a slave to be of service to mankind. Nature existed in three states - at liberty, in error, or in bondage.

自然を支配して物理法則を引き出すみたいなイメージ

The organic view of nature as a living, growing, self-actualizing being was the first instance of viewing nature.

organic vs mechanicalという対比かな

Mechanics, which gave man power over nature, consisted of motion.

mechanic utopia

Bacon's utopia, the New Atlantis, was hierarchical and patriarchal, modeled on the early modern patriarchal family.

Clothing was an indicator of an individual's status group in a hierarchically stratified society.

Hierarchy and patriarchy formed the foundation of Bacon's ideal state, indicating his nonegalitarian philosophy.

capitalist ~

Bacon's New Atlantis advocated for scientific progress to benefit "the whole of mankind," but his interests were aligned with clothier capitalists, merchants, mine owners, and the state.

The crafts were also becoming more dependent on small-scale industrial capitalists, and the concept of scientific progress sanctioned the gap between journeyman and master craftsman.

Bacon's New Atlantis placed progress in the hands of a group of scientists and technicians who studied nature altered by the mechanical arts to benefit society.

mechanism and the new atlantis

The scientific research institute in Bensalem, called Salomon's House, was designated as the "Fathers of Salomon's House", reinforcing the patriarchal character of the utopian society.

Politics was replaced by scientific administration, and decisions were made by the scientists who possessed the secrets of nature.

Scientists decided which secrets to reveal to the public, and which to keep private.

The scientist father who visited Bensalem was portrayed like a high priest of the occult arts.

The mechanical method of scientific investigation was used, where problems were broken down into component parts and solved independently.

The tasks of research were divided hierarchically among the various scientists, novices, and apprentices.

組織の構造と、作り出すものの構造が一致するみたいなやつだ

baconian program

The Baconian program was a significant program in the latter half of the seventeenth century.

Bacon's followers recognized the connections between mechanics, trades, commercial interests, and the domination of nature.

Baconian utopia aimed for the total agricultural, commercial, and medical improvement of society.

Human dominion over nature was to be achieved through the experimental "disclosure of nature's secrets."

普通に科学と工学って感じだな

Seventeenth-century scientists spoke out in favor of "mastering" and "managing" the earth.

The image of nature as a female to be controlled and dissected through experiment legitimated the exploitation of natural resources.

この繋がりはまだ見えていないが、多分授業でわかる

The new mechanical order and its associated values of power and control would mandate the death of nature.